The Powder Room Journal
Ingredients explained, routines analysed, and the questions our community are asking
The Powder Room Journal
Choosing the right SPF for your skin: Mineral vs Chemical
When it comes to sun protection, the debate between mineral and chemical sunscreens is ongoing. Each type has its unique features and benefits, and understanding these can help you make an informed decision about which sunscreen is right for you. Whether you're preparing for a beach day or just running daily errands, choosing the right sunscreen is crucial for protecting your skin and enjoying the sun safely. What is mineral sunscreen? Mineral sunscreens, also known as physical sunscreens, use natural minerals such as zinc oxide or titanium dioxide as the main active ingredients. These minerals act as physical blockers that sit on top of the skin and deflect damaging UV rays away. Pros of mineral sunscreen: Immediate protection: Mineral sunscreens offer protection as soon as they are applied. There's no need to wait before heading outdoors. Sensitive skin friendly: Because they are not absorbed into the skin, mineral sunscreens are less likely to cause irritation, making them ideal for sensitive or acne-prone skin types. Reef safe: Most mineral sunscreens are safer for marine ecosystems, as they are less likely to contain ingredients that contribute to coral bleaching. Cons of Mineral Sunscreen: Thicker consistency: They can be thicker and might require more effort to rub in. Frequent reapplication: Because they sit on the surface of the skin, mineral sunscreens can be rubbed off more easily and generally require more frequent reapplication, especially after sweating, swimming, or towel drying. What is chemical sunscreen? Chemical sunscreens use organic (carbon-based) compounds, such as avobenzone, octinoxate, or oxybenzone, which create a chemical reaction and work by absorbing UV light. As the sunscreen absorbs the rays, it converts them into heat, which is then released from the skin. Pros of chemical sunscreen: Lighter formulas: Chemical sunscreens tend to be thinner and can spread more easily on the skin, making them less visible once applied. Longer lasting: If properly applied, they can offer longer-lasting protection in situations where direct physical removal (like toweling off) is less likely. Broad spectrum protection: Many chemical sunscreens can efficiently protect against both UVA and UVB rays, offering comprehensive sun protection. Cons of chemical sunscreen: Waiting period: Chemical sunscreens require about 20 minutes to fully bind to the skin and start working. Potential for irritation: Some chemical ingredients can cause skin allergies and irritations, especially for sensitive skin types. Environmental concerns: Certain ingredients commonly found in chemical sunscreens have been implicated in coral reef degradation and are banned in some regions. Choosing between mineral and chemical sunscreens Your choice between mineral and chemical sunscreens should depend on your skin type, environmental concerns, and personal preference: For sensitive skin: Mineral sunscreens are generally better as they are less irritating. For water and sweat resistance: Chemical sunscreens might offer more durable protection under extreme conditions. For daily use: If you prefer a lightweight feel that’s invisible on the skin, chemical sunscreens might be more appealing. Both mineral and chemical sunscreens have their place in sun care, and the best choice depends on various factors, including skin type, activity level, and environmental impact. By understanding the differences, you can choose the most appropriate sunscreen that offers effective protection while aligning with your skincare needs and values.
What’s the difference between sunscreen and sunblock?
When it comes to protecting your skin against the sun, the choice between sunscreen and sunblock can be crucial. Though both serve the fundamental purpose of protecting your skin, understanding their differences is essential to choosing the right product that aligns with your skin’s needs and lifestyle. The primary distinction between sunscreen and sunblock lies in their composition and how they protect your skin from UV rays. Sunscreen aka Chemical Sunscreen Sunscreen, often referred to as chemical sunscreen, absorbs into the skin and then absorbs UV rays, converts the rays into heat, and releases them from the body. The active ingredients in sunscreens are usually compounds like avobenzone, octinoxate, and oxybenzone, which create a chemical reaction and work by filtering sunlight. These ingredients protect against UVA and UVB rays, making sunscreens broad-spectrum. Pros of Sunscreen: Typically lighter in texture and more wearable under makeup. Easier to apply without leaving a white residue. Ideal for daily use, especially for those with darker skin tones as it blends more seamlessly. Cons of Sunscreen: Must be applied 15 to 30 minutes before sun exposure to be fully effective. Can possibly cause irritation or allergic reactions due to the chemical ingredients. Requires more frequent reapplication as the protection decreases faster, especially when in direct UV light. Sunblock aka Physical SPF Sunblock, often termed physical sunscreen, acts like a shield. It sits on top of your skin and physically blocks UV rays. The active ingredients such as titanium dioxide or zinc oxide reflect the sun’s rays from your skin. Sunblock is effective as soon as you apply it, reflecting both UVA and UVB rays. Pros of Sunblock: Starts working immediately upon application. Less likely to cause irritation, making it suitable for sensitive skin and children. Longer-lasting on the skin's surface, especially in direct UV exposure. Cons of Sunblock: Can leave a white cast or tint, making it less desirable for darker skin tones or everyday cosmetic use. Often has a thicker consistency, which might feel heavy or greasy. Can rub off more easily, requiring reapplication especially after physical activities or swimming. When it comes to choosing between sunscreen and sunblock, there are few things to keep in mind. Your skin type: If you have sensitive or acne-prone skin, sunblock might be a better choice as it is less likely to irritate or clog pores. For daily use, particularly under makeup, a sunscreen might be preferable due to its lighter texture. Your daily activities: For extensive outdoor activities like swimming or sports, sunblock is generally more resistant to sweat and water. For daily use, sunscreen is adequate and easier to use. Regardless of whether you choose sunscreen or sunblock, ensure it offers broad-spectrum protection, which shields your skin from both UVA and UVB rays. Both sunscreen and sunblock provide essential protection against harmful UV rays, the leading cause of premature skin aging and skin cancers. The right choice depends on your skin type, the level of sun exposure, and personal preference in texture and application. By understanding the differences and selecting the right product, you can effectively protect your skin while enjoying the sun safely.
The ultimate guide to sunscreen
Navigating the world of sunscreen can be complex with various formulations and types available, each suited to different needs and preferences. With sun all year around in the GCC, a proper sun care routine is essential even if you only spend a few minutes outdoors. This guide delves into essential sunscreen knowledge, including the key differences between mineral and chemical SPF, and the variety of application forms available. Understanding Mineral vs. Chemical SPF Sunscreen falls into two main categories: mineral (physical) and chemical, each with unique protective mechanisms. Mineral Sunscreens: These contain active mineral ingredients such as zinc oxide or titanium dioxide. They work by sitting on top of the skin to physically block and reflect UV rays. Ideal for sensitive skin, they are effective immediately upon application and are less likely to irritate or cause allergic reactions. Chemical Sunscreens: Formulated with organic compounds like oxybenzone, avobenzone, and octocrylene, chemical sunscreens absorb UV radiation through their chemical bonds, converting it into heat and dissipating it from the skin. They tend to be lighter and more suitable for daily wear, although they can sometimes irritate sensitive skin. Water-Resistant Sunscreen If you’re into water sports or find yourself sweating under the sun, water-resistant sunscreens are crucial. They are specifically tested to maintain their SPF protection for 40 or 80 minutes of water exposure. Reapplying after swimming or heavy sweating is essential to maintain effectiveness. Reef-Safe Sunscreen "Reef-safe" sunscreens are typically mineral-based and free from oxybenzone and octinoxate, which have been found to harm coral reefs. Opting for reef-safe products helps protect marine ecosystems while you enjoy time on the beach. Types of sunscreen formulations Sunscreen comes in various formulations, each offering different benefits depending on your lifestyle and skin type: Lotions: The most common form of sunscreen, lotions are easy to apply over large areas and ideal for dry skin due to their moisturizing properties. Sprays: Convenient for hard-to-reach areas and quick reapplications, sprays are easy for travelling and taking your SPF on the go. Sticks: Perfect for targeted application on areas like the face and around the eyes. Sunscreen sticks are portable and less messy. Mousses: A newer form, offering a lightweight feel and easier application without the heaviness of creams. What SPF number should you choose? The SPF number indicates the level of protection a sunscreen offers against UVB rays—the type of radiation that causes sunburn and contributes to skin cancer. Specifically, SPF 30 blocks about 97% of UVB rays, while SPF 50 blocks about 98%. The higher the SPF, the more protection it offers, but the increase becomes less significant as the numbers get higher. SPF 30 is generally good for everyday use but if you are spending extended periods outdoors and are fair skinned, SPF 50 could provide some added protection. How much SPF should you apply? Regardless of the type of sunscreen you choose, proper application is key. Apply a generous amount, approximately one ounce, for full body coverage, and 2 finger lengths for the full face. Reapply every two hours or immediately after swimming or sweating making sure to cover all exposed skin thoroughly. Selecting the right sunscreen involves considering your skin type, environmental impact, and the activities you’ll be engaging in. Whether you opt for mineral or chemical, water-resistant, or a specific formulation, the right choice helps ensure effective protection. Understanding the different types of sunscreens and their specific benefits can greatly enhance how you protect your skin from the sun. With the right knowledge, you can choose a sunscreen that not only safeguards your skin but also fits seamlessly with your lifestyle and skincare preferences.
How to avoid sunscreen piling
Sunscreen is your skin’s best friend, especially under the harsh rays of the sun. But even the best relationships can have their challenges—like when sunscreen starts piling or balling up on your skin. Not only is this frustrating, but it can also reduce the effectiveness of your sun protection. Let's dive into how you can prevent sunscreen piling and ensure a flawless application every time. What causes sunscreen to start piling up? Sunscreen piling occurs when the product does not absorb properly into the skin, instead rolling off in tiny balls. This can be due to several factors, such as the formula of the sunscreen, how it interacts with other products on your skin, or even the condition of your skin itself. How to avoid sunscreen piling? Start with a clean canvas To minimize piling, start with clean, exfoliated skin. This removes the buildup of oils and dead skin cells, allowing the sunscreen to adhere and absorb better. Use a gentle exfoliant suited to your skin type—this will smooth the skin’s surface and help any skincare applied afterward to work more effectively. Moisturize wisely Hydration is key, but the type of moisturizer you use before applying sunscreen can impact how well it absorbs. Wait for your moisturizer to fully absorb before applying sunscreen. If your skin is particularly oily, consider using an oil-free moisturizer that leaves a matte finish. This can help create a better base for sunscreen applications Layer correctly The order in which you apply skincare products can influence how well your sunscreen absorbs. Always apply sunscreen as the final step in your skincare routine before putting on makeup. If you use serums or treatments, ensure they have fully absorbed before moving on to sunscreen. Layering too many products or applying sunscreen too soon can lead to piling. Choose the right sunscreen Not all sunscreens are created equal. If you’re experiencing piling, it might be worth switching to a different formula. Mineral sunscreens, which sit on top of the skin, can sometimes pile more than chemical sunscreens, which absorb into the skin. Look for lightweight, non-comedogenic formulas that are designed to work well with makeup. Application technique How you apply sunscreen can make a difference. Instead of rubbing, try patting the sunscreen into your skin. This can help prevent the mechanical friction that causes piling. Using a makeup sponge or a beauty blender to dab on sunscreen can also promote even coverage without the mess. Give it time Patience is crucial. Allow the sunscreen to dry and fully absorb for at least five to ten minutes before applying makeup or getting dressed. This waiting period can prevent your sunscreen from being disturbed and subsequently piling. Consider Tinted Sunscreen If you wear makeup daily, consider using a tinted sunscreen. These can double as a foundation base and are less likely to pile under makeup, simplifying your routine while providing the necessary sun protection. Sunscreen piling can be a nuisance, but with these tips, you can ensure a smooth and effective application. Remember, proper sun protection is the cornerstone of a good skincare regimen, not only preventing sunburn but also guarding against long-term damage and skin aging. With the right approach, your sunscreen will feel just as good as it protects.
SPF 30 vs 50: Is there really a difference?
When it comes to sun protection, SPF ratings are crucial in deciding how well a sunscreen will shield you from the sun’s harmful rays. Among the various SPF ratings available, SPF 30 and SPF 50 are among the most used. But what exactly do these numbers mean, and which one should you choose for your skin? What does SPF actually mean? The SPF (Sun Protection Factor) number indicates the level of protection a sunscreen offers against UVB rays—the type of radiation that causes sunburn and contributes to skin cancer. Specifically, SPF 30 blocks about 97% of UVB rays, while SPF 50 blocks about 98%. The higher the SPF, the more protection it offers, but the increase becomes less significant as the numbers get higher. When is SPF 30 enough? SPF 30 is a solid choice for everyday use, especially if you spend most of your day indoors or in shaded areas. It offers a high level of protection against sunburn and is often sufficient for most people under typical day-to-day exposure. Additionally, SPF 30 products are usually less thick and greasy than higher SPFs, which makes them more comfortable for daily wear and better under makeup. So, should I use SPF 50? SPF 50 provides slightly higher protection and is often recommended for individuals who are: Fair-skinned or burn easily Spend extended periods outdoors, especially between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. when UV radiation is strongest At high altitudes or near reflective surfaces like water, sand, or snow, which can reflect and intensify UV rays. Taking medications that increase sun sensitivity. Is higher SPF always better? While SPF 50 offers more protection than SPF 30, it doesn't mean it's always the better choice. The effectiveness of sunscreen depends largely on proper application and reapplication. Regardless of the SPF, all sunscreens need to be reapplied at least every two hours, or more frequently if you are sweating, swimming, or towel drying. Other tips for effective sunscreen use Apply a generous amount of sunscreen to all exposed skin 15 minutes before going outdoors. Reapply sunscreen every two hours, or after swimming, sweating, or toweling off. Use other forms of sun protection such as hats, sunglasses, and protective clothing for comprehensive protection Choosing between SPF 30 and SPF 50 depends on your skin type, lifestyle, and the level of sun exposure you expect to encounter. For everyday use with minimal sun exposure, SPF 30 is typically sufficient and more comfortable for regular wear. For more intense or prolonged sun exposure, especially if you have sensitive skin, SPF 50 may offer the added protection needed to keep your skin safe. Incorporating the right SPF into your skincare routine is more than just a preventive measure—it’s a daily health practice that preserves your skin’s quality and overall well-being.
How celebrities like Miley Cyrus maintain their bronze skin all year round
Ever noticed how Miley Cyrus and your favorite celebrities and influencers manage to rock that sun-kissed, just-back-from-the-beach glow even in the dead of winter? Yeah, we’ve been wondering too. Turns out, maintaining a flawless bronze isn’t just about good genes; it's an art form. And that art form is called Self-Tan. What is Self-Tan? Self-tan products, also known as self-tanners, offer a sunless solution to achieving a bronzed look without the exposure to harmful UV rays from the sun or tanning beds. These products contain dihydroxyacetone (DHA), a color additive that temporarily darkens the skin by reacting with amino acids on the skin's surface, creating a tan appearance. Self-tanners come in various forms such as lotions, mousses, sprays, and wipes, providing options for different skin types and preferences. The resulting tan typically develops over a few hours and can last several days, depending on the formulation and the user's skin care routine. Self-tanning is a safe alternative to traditional tanning methods, helping to avoid the risks associated with UV exposure such as premature aging and skin cancer. Guide to building a 6-step self-tanning routine Before you even think about self-tanning, let’s talk exfoliation. Sloughing off those dead skin cells is key to avoiding patchy faux tans. Use a gentle body scrub or an exfoliating mitt a couple of times a week to keep your skin smooth and ready to soak up all that tanning goodness. Hydration station: Hydrated skin is happy skin, especially when it comes to tanning. Moisturize daily with a rich lotion that doesn’t just sit on top of your skin but gets deep into those pores. This will help your tan apply more evenly and last longer. The perfect fake tan: No UV rays required—grab a high-quality self-tanner. Mousse, lotion, spray? Pick your potion. Apply in sections (legs, torso, arms), and use a tanning mitt to get that expert blend. Don’t forget areas like your wrists and ankles for a seamless tan. Gradual glow: For a low-maintenance approach, incorporate a gradual tanning lotion into your daily routine. These lotions give a subtle color that builds over time, perfect for keeping that glow without going full glam every day. Maintenance mode: Extend the life of your tan with touch-ups using a gradual tanning lotion or bronzing mist. Stay hydrated, keep exfoliating, and your bronze will be the envy of everyone at your next gathering. Now that you’ve got the tan, it’s time to highlight. Use a shimmering body oil or a highlighter on your cheekbones, collarbones, and shoulders to give your tan that extra pop. And remember, a good sunscreen is non-negotiable—even if you’re rocking faux glow, protecting your skin from the sun is a must. So, there you have it—your ticket to that all-year-round, Miley-worthy bronzed look. No sun required, just a little bit of prep and some clever tricks of the trade.
The Sun & Skin Factor - Skin Cancer Awareness Month
With summer poking its sunny head round the corner it's a good time to brush up on some sun and skin facts. With May being Skin Cancer Awareness Month, there's no time like the present to get informed and implement safe practice while being sunny side. Who doesn't love a sun-kissed glow we ask! However with that sun-kissed glow comes harmful UVA/UVB rays which not only accelerates skin ageing but also alter the skins DNA which can lead to serious precancerous and cancerous lesions. SPF can be a pesky process while sunbathing and spending time outdoors, however, it is necessary to proactively protect your skin to keep it looking young, healthy and keep skin cancer risk at bay. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation can negatively affect the skin. It could cause premature ageing, sunburn, and precancerous and cancerous lesions. UVA may cause accelerated skin ageing and pigmentation, while UVB can cause sunburn and can cause your DNA strands to break. SPF works by two methods, either by blocking the sun's rays with an opaque coating on the skin (physical sunscreens), or by causing a chemical reaction so that the UV rays are absorbed and transmuted into another type of energy (chemical sunscreens).SPF numbers can be confusion so let's put it this way - the higher the SPF number means the greater amount of protection you’ll get. SPF numbers vary which tell you the level of protection you can expect. Low-protection is considered anything with an SPF below 15, medium-protection ranges from SPF 15 to 29 an an SPF between 30 and 49 offers high-protection. With SPF50 being the highest, it is considered to block out 99% of UV. While there are other contributing factors, it's important to take additional precautions which we've narrowed down for you so you can both enjoy the sun and be safe! Choose a broad spectrum sunscreen that covers UVA/UVB, zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are considered broad-spectrum and preferable for pregnancy. Apply your sunscreen before you throw on your cute swimwear, preferably 30min before sun exposure. Reapply sunscreen every 2 hours as the sun can dry it off and especially if you sweat, remembering to apply equally and evenly. While applying water-resistant sunscreen which is highly recommended for pool and beach days, you would need to reapply sunscreen after every contact with the water. Staying in the shade during peak hours normally between 10am-2pm, in countries where the summer days are long this extends to 4pm. Wear a large brimmed hat that covers sensitive and easy-to-burn areas such as your face, ears and neck. About 80 percent of UV rays can penetrate the clouds and the snow while sand and water can reflect the sun's rays. So don't be fooled and keep applying that sunscreen! We understand that not all sunscreens are created equal. It can be hard to find a trusted brand that offers genuine broad-spectrum protection that allows you to be safe in the sun but that is also non-sticky, won't leave a thick white cast or clog your pores! We've rounded up the best SPF's for you here at Powder Beauty.
UVA, UVB and SPF: How to crack the code on sun protection and save your skin
A bit of harsh truth: skipping sun protection can sabotage the rest of your skincare routine and derail results from your other products. While it may not seem like the most dazzling daily product on your bathroom shelf, SPF is easily the most important. Despite this, there remains a lot of confusion about sun protection products and the purpose of SPF in your skincare. To clear up some of your common questions, we’re here to help. Here’s what you need to know: UVA vs UVB: What’s the difference? You probably know that the sun and its ultraviolet rays have a huge impact on the skin’s aging process. (It accounts for over 80 percent!) You may also know that UV exposure is what can alter DNA, increasing your risk of skin cancer. What you may or may not know is that there are different types of UV rays. Spoiler alert: they each have their own damaging effects on the skin. UVA radiation is sometimes also referred to as “the aging rays.” UVA is what penetrates deep within the skin, causing genetic damage and cell death. This is also what weakens collagen and elastin fibers, causing the skin to sag or wrinkle. UVA is present all year round and more prevalent than UVB rays. About 90% of rays from the sun are UVA and these rays can even penetrate glass windows and cloud cover. UVB on the other hand, are known as “the burning rays.” We’re sorry to report that UVB isn’t any better than UVA. UVB rays are what cause the skin to tan, burn or pigment but also what can cause skin cancer. The shorter UVB wavelengths don’t penetrate the tissue as deeply as UVA, however they are stronger and have the potential to cause even more damage. Your best line of defense against all of these UV-induced maladies? Why, SPF of course! What exactly does SPF do? Sun protection factor, otherwise known as SPF refers to the ability of a product to prevent visible signs of sun damage such as redness or a sunburn. Sounds great right? Not so fast. Something that’s important to note here is that SPF numbers are based entirely on protection against UVB and not UVA. It’s also not an exact science, since factors like environment, skin type and the way the product is applied can impact its efficacy. Unfortunately, experts say that UVA exposure can actually be greater when wearing sunscreen because it masks visible signs of sun damage - your body’s built in red alert that you’ve been exposed to too much UV. For this reason, it’s super important to look for sunscreens that offer broad spectrum coverage, meaning protection from both UVB and UVA rays. How to properly protect your skin If all of this information has your head spinning a bit, don’t worry. We’ve got a few tips to help you choose the right sun protection and ensure that you are well-protected. 1. Invest in a quality sunscreen When it comes to splurging on skincare, your SPF is one product you don’t want to go cheap on. Loose regulations allow inexpensive sunscreens to remain on the market but these brands often don’t provide adequate broad spectrum protection. Look for products that protect against both UVA and UVB, alongside high-quality, skin-friendly ingredients. 2. Don’t be shy with coverage A common mistake many people make when applying sunscreen is using too little product. Be sure to apply a generous amount covering your entire face, neck, the backs of the hands and any other skin that is not protected from the sun by clothing. 3. Wear it everyday and reapply often For best results using an SPF product, it’s also critical to reapply. Regardless of the sun protection factor number, a good rule of thumb is to reapply every two hours any time you will be exposed to UV. SPF should be worn year round, regardless of the weather. It is still very possible to acquire sun damage, even on cold or cloudy days. Finding the right SPF can be challenging but with a little dedication and commitment, you’re sure to find a product you love and save your skin from years of unnecessary stress.
Why sunscreen is a must for dark skin
Are you under the impression that, thanks to your skin tone, you don’t really need to wear sunscreen? We hate to be the bearers of bad news but the evidence is clear: damaging UV rays can penetrate all skin types and tones. The biggest misconceptions Unfortunately, we have been conditioned to believe that this is not the case. For example, when was the last time you saw a dark-skinned family lathering on the sun protection before a beach trip on TV? It is true that darker complexions naturally produce melanin, and that fewer UV rays can penetrate skin tones with more melanin. This is the same logic that has led to the concept of building a base tan to ‘protect’ lighter skin prior to a holiday. However, this is where the biggest misconception lies: rather than a layer of protection, it is actually a layer of sun damage. Additionally, time in the sun will accelerate ageing in all skin tones and types – albeit a little differently depending on your complexion. Over time, sun exposure will make lighter skin tones see more fine lines and wrinkles, and for darker tones, there is often a loss of volume in the skin and changes in pigmentation that lead to dark patches and uneven skin tone. What should you look for in your sun protection? Regardless of your complexion, using an SPF 30 or above, at least 15 minutes before going outside, with reapplication every two hours, is recommended. If you are out exercising, swimming or sweating, more frequent reapplication is recommended as well. Always opt for a sunscreen that offers broad-spectrum protection as this will protect you from both UVA and UVB rays, which is a must. As melanin is not consistent throughout the body, make sure you apply it yourself, preferably before getting dressed, and don’t forget delicate areas such as your ears, palms and the soles of your feet! A sunscreen that does not leave an ashy, white cast! One challenge which is especially faced by those with darker complexions is finding a sunscreen that does not leave an ashy, white cast. We are all looking for sun protection which sinks into the skin lightly and without a trace. Lastly, while it does seem counter-intuitive to cover up especially in our climate here in the Gulf, clothing is also guaranteed to protect your skin. Regardless of how you choose to keep your skin protected, just remember that the sun’s rays are not selective!
What's the difference between chemical and mineral sunscreen?
If I could offer you only one tip for the future, sunscreen would be it In Mary Schmich's (and later Baz Lurhman's) eternal words: "Ladies and Gentlemen of the class of '99 Wear sunscreen If I could offer you only one tip for the future, sunscreen would be it." These words of wisdom couldn't be more relevant than they are here in Dubai. But what type? Nothing is ever really that simple anymore. If you are also baffled by 'chemical' and 'mineral' sunscreens - isn't it all chemicals anyway? - continue reading. In a nutshell, chemical sunscreens use particular chemicals - usually a combination which may include oxybenzone, avobenzone, octisalate, octocrylene, homosalate, and octinoxate, to shield your skin by absorbing the UV rays which enter and releasing them as heat. Mineral - also referred to as physical - sunscreens use naturally shielding ingredients such as zinc and titanium oxide to physically reflect UV rays away from the skin. So why use one type of sunscreen versus the other? Physical sunscreens naturally offer broad-spectrum protection as they work by blocking the rays entirely. They often last longer and are usually a better choice for sensitive and blemish-prone skin as their ingredients are less likely to cause a reaction or irritation. On the other hand, their ingredients and thickness means they are more likely to leave a white cast on the skin and are more vulnerable to rubbing off due to physical activity, Chemical sunscreens are more available in the market and tend to be lighter and easier to spread and apply, however they usually require a 15 to 20 minute wait period before they can begin to work. They comparably do not last as long on the skin and can also be pore-clogging for some skin types and may cause irritation - the risk of which is increases with higher SPF. The broadest, highest coverage formulas are usually the most irritating due to the combination of chemicals required to achieve that level of protection. If you are conscious about what chemicals go into your sunscreen, it is important thing to bear in mind that not all chemical formulas are created equal and some are safer to use than others. We recommend you check the Environmental Working Group's Skin Deep Cosmetics Database which rates skincare ingredients based on their potential toxicity.